CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• compounds were supplied by Merck KGaA, Germany. The CdSe/ZnS quantum dots used in this investigation were commercially purchased (PlasmaChem GmbH, Germany). Materials were provided in the solid state; the solvent used in the experiments was of spectroscopic grade. The resulting quantum dot solutions were

• impact on the layer under consideration, a weight ratio of 1:0.5:0.5 was chosen (donor:acceptor:QDs). The quantum dot designations used in the paper are summarized in Table 1. The numbers next to the abbreviation QD refer to the maximum luminescence suggested by the manufacturer. The size of the

A graphene quantum dots–glassy carbon electrode-based electrochemical sensor for monitoring malathion

• Sanju Tanwar,
• Aditi Sharma and
• Dhirendra Mathur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 701–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.56

• -functionalized nickel/silver/graphene quantum dot/graphene hybrid for the colorimetric detection of malathion [28]. This paper describes the development of an electrochemical sensor based on a graphene quantum dot-modified glassy carbon electrode (GQDs/GCE) for the determination and quantification of the

• and 320 nm, in agreement with the data previously reported [30][31]. The shoulder at 270 nm is probably caused by π–π* transition of the C=C bonds, and the absorption hump at 320 nm is likely caused by n–π* transitions of the C=O bonds. As shown in Figure 2b, when the graphene quantum dot suspension

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

Near-infrared photoactive Ag-Zn-Ga-S-Se quantum dots for high-performance quantum dot-sensitized solar cells

• Roopakala Kottayi,
• Ilangovan Veerappan and
• Ramadasse Sittaramane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1337–1344, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.110

Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review

• Ke Xu and
• Yuzhe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104

• chloramphenicol based on a vesicular quantum dot-gold colloid composite probe. They successfully developed a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based on chloramphenicol (CAP) detection in food. Vesicular nano tracers were prepared by labeling single-stranded DNA-binding proteins on single-stranded

Tin dioxide nanomaterial-based photocatalysts for nitrogen oxide oxidation: a review

• Viet Van Pham,
• Hong-Huy Tran,
• Thao Kim Truong and
• Thi Minh Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 96–113, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.7

• introducing defects in metal oxide semiconductors opens up the possibility of their use in the visible spectrum [77]. Recently, Xie et al. reported using SnO2/graphene quantum dot (GQD) composites. They showed that the absorption edge of as-prepared SnO2 (Figure 13a black line) is around 340 nm, equaling to a

Impact of electron–phonon coupling on electron transport through T-shaped arrangements of quantum dots in the Kondo regime

• Patryk Florków and
• Stanisław Lipiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1209–1225, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.89

• -shaped system exhibits unitary transmission for q = |∞| and in this limit it is roughly equivalent to the embedded QD [62]. Single T-shaped quantum dot structure Figure 2a illustrates the dependence of the conductance on the e–ph coupling strength of the TQD for the case when a local phonon is coupled to

• and U’ only for clarity of presentation. Certainly the problem whether the emergent SU(4) state could be reached through e–ph coupling is interesting in itself, but this would require a more detailed analysis. Double T-shaped quantum dot structure Figure 7 presents the impact of phonons coupled to the

• a charge Kondo effect with quenched charge pseudospin. Although T-shaped quantum dot systems discussed by us are only toy models, with the help of which we analyze the richness of emerging phenomena resulting from the interplay of three important factors, namely strong correlations, interference

Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials

• Huan Ren,
• Lifang Wu,
• Lina Tan,
• Yanni Bao,
• Yuchen Ma,
• Yong Jin and
• Qianli Zou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1140–1150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.85

• (Cd2+) to form a three-dimensional crystal of Cys/Cd nanorods. Then, upon the introduction of Na2S, the Cys/Cd template mediates the mineralization of cadmium sulfide (CdS) into a layered CdS quantum dot structure, finally making a simple bionic daylight antenna with sustainable photocatalytic

Assessment of the optical and electrical properties of light-emitting diodes containing carbon-based nanostructures and plasmonic nanoparticles: a review

• Keshav Nagpal,
• Erwan Rauwel,
• Frédérique Ducroquet and
• Protima Rauwel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1078–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.80

• semiconductors and emit from the UV to the red region of the visible spectrum via bandgap tuning (i.e., on alloying with In and Al [5][6][7]). Similarly, other active materials for quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLED), such as the II–VI semiconductor family include ZnO, CdSe, CdS, CdTe, ZnSe, ZnS, ZnTe, and

• terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/). Figure 9b was adapted from [57], Z. Shi et al., “Localized Surface Plasmon Enhanced All-Inorganic Perovskite Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Coaxial Core/Shell Heterojunction

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

A review of defect engineering, ion implantation, and nanofabrication using the helium ion microscope

• Frances I. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 633–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.52

Kondo effects in small-bandgap carbon nanotube quantum dots

• Patryk Florków,
• Damian Krychowski and
• Stanisław Lipiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1873–1890, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.169

• changes of the bandgap. In the following we show how, for a given nearly metallic nanotube, one can change the position of high-symmetry points by strain and a magnetic field. Our calculations also show that in a quantum dot formed in a small-bandgap nanotube electron and hole states can degenerate in

• defined as where Nls denotes electron occupations. Results and Discussion All numerical results presented below concern quantum dots formed in nearly metallic nanotubes with perturbation gaps. We compare in Figure 1 the ground-states diagram of an isolated quantum dot formed in a small-bandgap nanotube

• a two-electron spin-polarized spin Kondo effect with |↑↓⟩ and |↓↓⟩ dot states engaged. In the 3e valley, there is a spin–orbit effect with fluctuating |↓2⟩ and |2↓⟩ states and screened spin and orbital moments. On the next map representing the conductance of a quantum dot formed in C(39,24), the

Atomic defect classification of the H–Si(100) surface through multi-mode scanning probe microscopy

• Jeremiah Croshaw,
• Thomas Dienel,
• Taleana Huff and
• Robert Wolkow

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1346–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.119

Band tail state related photoluminescence and photoresponse of ZnMgO solid solution nanostructured films

• Vadim Morari,
• Aida Pantazi,
• Nicolai Curmei,
• Vitalie Postolache,
• Emil V. Rusu,
• Marius Enachescu,
• Ion M. Tiginyanu and
• Veaceslav V. Ursaki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 899–910, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.75

• nanoparticles embedded into the ZnMgO matrix are useful for fast electron transport and high charge balance in quantum dot light emitting diodes [22]. The multiphase composition of films prepared by spin coating and annealed at temperatures lower that 450 °C was revealed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. As

• treatment at lower temperatures is not enough for producing single phase films, ZnO nanoparticles being embedded into the ZnMgO matrix, as deduced from photoluminescence spectra and XRD analysis. Nevertheless, such films could also find specific applications, for instance in quantum dot light emitting

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

• single atom, a single molecule, a single solid-state color center or a single quantum dot. The spontaneous emission from these isolated systems has the characteristics of either a 2-level [67] or a 3-level atomic model [68]. A 2-level system representation is shown in Figure 1a. It comprises a ground

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

Nonequilibrium Kondo effect in a graphene-coupled quantum dot in the presence of a magnetic field

• Levente Máthé and
• Ioan Grosu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 225–239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.17

• transport phenomena in a quantum dot coupled to pure monolayer graphene electrodes under external magnetic fields for finite on-site Coulomb interaction. The system is described by the pseudogap Anderson Hamiltonian. We use the equation of motion technique to determine the retarded Green’s function of the

• quantum dot. An analytical formula for the Kondo temperature is derived for electron and hole doping of the graphene leads. The Kondo temperature vanishes in the vicinity of the particle–hole symmetry point and at the Dirac point. In the case of particle–hole asymmetry, the Kondo temperature has a finite

• graphene-based quantum dot system provides a platform for potential applications of nanoelectronics. Furthermore, we also propose an experimental setup for performing measurements in order to verify our model. Keywords: graphene; Kondo effect; magnetic field; pseudogap Anderson model; quantum dot

pH-Controlled fluorescence switching in water-dispersed polymer brushes grafted to modified boron nitride nanotubes for cellular imaging

• Saban Kalay,
• Yurij Stetsyshyn,
• Volodymyr Donchak,
• Khrystyna Harhay,
• Ostap Lishchynskyi,
• Halyna Ohar,
• Yuriy Panchenko,
• Stanislav Voronov and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2428–2439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.233

• fluorescent probes for a number of bio-responsive applications, ranging from drug delivery to genomics [29][30][31]. Similar to other nanotubes, the pristine BNNTs were not fluorescent, and a fluorophore (e.g., organic molecule or quantum dot) is added via surface modification to make them fluorescent [29][30

Semitransparent Sb₂S₃ thin film solar cells by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis for use in solar windows

• Jako S. Eensalu,
• Atanas Katerski,
• Erki Kärber,
• Lothar Weinhardt,
• Monika Blum,
• Clemens Heske,
• Wanli Yang,
• Ilona Oja Acik and
• Malle Krunks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.230

• building electricity demand can be produced on site [1]. Solar windows can be split into two groups: perforated grids of opaque solar cells, such as silicon, or one continuous semitransparent thin film solar cell (dye-sensitized, perovskite, quantum dot, etc.) [1]. Perforated solar windows, comprised of

Optimization and performance of nitrogen-doped carbon dots as a color conversion layer for white-LED applications

• Tugrul Guner,
• Hurriyet Yuce,
• Didem Tascioglu,
• Eren Simsek,
• Umut Savaci,
• Aziz Genc,
• Servet Turan and
• Mustafa M. Demir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2004–2013, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.197

• light (left) and UV light (right) illumination. a) and b) General TEM micrographs of the green carbon quantum dot sample, showing the presence of small nanoparticles, and c–f) HRTEM micrographs of several individual nanoparticles identified as carbon quantum dots, where the 0.34 nm lattice spacing value

Molecular attachment to a microscope tip: inelastic tunneling, Kondo screening, and thermopower

• Rouzhaji Tuerhong,
• Mauro Boero and
• Jean-Pierre Bucher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1243–1250, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.124

• thermopower measured across the single-molecule junction. Keywords: inelastic electron tunneling; molecular quantum dot; Kondo physics; single molecule; thermopower; tunnel junction; Introduction Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has the capability to detect the electron transport through a molecule not

• quantum-dot devices, those on molecular junctions and in the presence of Kondo correlations are more recent [34][35]. Here, we analyzed the influence of a temperature gradient on the conductance spectrum of the MnPc molecule in the STM junction, as shown schematically in Figure 3a. Prior to the experiment

CuInSe₂ quantum dots grown by molecular beam epitaxy on amorphous SiO₂ surfaces

• Henrique Limborço,
• Pedro M.P. Salomé,
• Rodrigo Ribeiro-Andrade,
• Jennifer P. Teixeira,
• Nicoleta Nicoara,
• Kamal Abderrafi,
• Joaquim P. Leitão,
• Juan C. Gonzalez and
• Sascha Sadewasser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1103–1111, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.110

• this family of materials [5], new solar-cell architectures based on nanostructures have been proposed [6][7][8][9]. Examples of such architectures are intermediate-band solar cells [10], solar cells based on multi-exciton generation [11][12], quantum dot solar cells [13][14][15], and others [16], all

Deposition of metal particles onto semiconductor nanorods using an ionic liquid

• Michael D. Ballentine,
• Elizabeth G. Embry,
• Marco A. Garcia and
• Lawrence J. Hill

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 718–724, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.71

• and diameters smaller than 10 nm. This is important for the field of chalcogenide nanomaterials where 1D (nanorod) and 0D (quantum dot) materials are interfaced with metals on sub-10 nm length scales to facilitate charge transfer and photocatalysis [26]. Herein, we demonstrate that an ionic liquid may

Coexisting spin and Rabi oscillations at intermediate time regimes in electron transport through a photon cavity

• Vidar Gudmundsson,
• Hallmann Gestsson,
• Nzar Rauf Abdullah,
• Chi-Shung Tang,
• Andrei Manolescu and
• Valeriu Moldoveanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 606–616, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.61

• , PO Box MG-7, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania 10.3762/bjnano.10.61 Abstract In this work, we theoretically model the time-dependent transport through an asymmetric double quantum dot etched in a two-dimensional wire embedded in a far-infrared (FIR) photon cavity. For the transient and the intermediate

• photon content, and the z-component of the spin of the 64 lowest-in-energy many-body states of the closed central system are displayed in Figure 2. The photon energy = 0.343 meV coupling the two lowest one-electron states mostly localized in each quantum dot leads to a Rabi resonance showing up in non

• -integer values for the photon content of some states. The probability density for both spin components of the one-electron ground state are almost entirely localized in the deeper quantum dot, the right dot, but due to the finite separation of the dots, there is a very small probability for the electron

Reduced graphene oxide supported C₃N₄ nanoflakes and quantum dots as metal-free catalysts for visible light assisted CO₂ reduction

• Md Rakibuddin and
• Haekyoung Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 448–458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.44

• , we report the synthesis of novel reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-supported C3N4 nanoflake (NF) and quantum dot (QD) hybrid materials (GCN) for visible light induced reduction of CO2. The C3N4 NFs and QDs are prepared by acid treatment of C3N4 nanosheets followed by ultrasonication and hydrothermal

• , and 20 h) to yield g-C3N4 NFs and QDs. The product obtained after 5 h of heating at 190 °C is denoted as CN-5, and those obtained after 10 and 20 h heating at 130 °C are denoted as CN-10 and CN-20, respectively. Preparation of rGO@g-C3N4 nanoflake/quantum dot hybrid materials (GCN) GO was synthesized

• dots. Particle size distribution of the synthesized CN nanoflakes and quantum dots. TEM image of CN nanoflake and quantum dot samples under heating at 190 °C for 5 h (a,b), 170 °C for 5 h (c,d), and 150 °C for 5 h (e,f). Field emission scanning electron microscopy images of the a) g-C3N4 nanosheet, b